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1.
J. coloproctol. (Rio J., Impr.) ; 42(3): 238-244, July-Sept. 2022. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1421983

ABSTRACT

Ulcerative colitis (UC) affects the mucosa and submucosa of the large intestine. One of the mechanisms involved in its etiology is oxidative stress (OS), directly involved in the inflammatory process characteristic of UC. The Campsiandra laurifolia, known as acapurana, was described as possessing antioxidant properties. We used 24 male Wistar rats, divided into control (CO), control + acapurana (CO + A), colitis (CL), and colitis + acapurana (CL + A) groups. This study performed histological analysis, measuring anal sphincter pressure (ASP) and lipoperoxidation (LPO). The activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) levels were evaluated. The expression of the nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The statistical analysis used was the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls test; values were expressed as mean ± standard error, and the significance level was p < 0.05. In the animals of the CL group, we observed the destruction of the crypts and the presence of mucosal ulcers, edema, and submucosal inflammatory infiltrate, as well as increased damage to the intestinal mucosa, reduced ASP, increased LPO and SOD activity, reduced GSH levels, and increased expression of NFkB and iNOS. The administration of C. laurifolia in the CL + A group was shown to cause regeneration of crypts, reduction of inflammatory infiltrate, reduction of damage to the intestinal mucosa, increase in ASP, and reduction in LPO with the restoration of SOD activity and GSH levels. The immunohistochemistry of NFkB and iNOS was significantly reduced. Therefore, the C. laurifolia aqueous extract appears to exert an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect in rats with AA-induced colitis. (AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Colitis, Ulcerative/etiology , Fabaceae , Antioxidants , NF-kappa B , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II , Intestinal Mucosa/anatomy & histology , Lipid Peroxides
2.
J. coloproctol. (Rio J., Impr.) ; 41(2): 138-144, June 2021. graf, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286992

ABSTRACT

Abstract Due to the ethnopharmacological use of Campsiandra laurifolia (Fabaceae), popularly known as Acapurana, to treat wounds and ulcers, associated with the lack of alternative treatments for intestinal inflammations such as ulcerative colitis (UC), the present work sought to characterize its phytochemical and antioxidant activities, and to evaluate remedial action in experimental colitis with acetic acid. Phytochemical analyzes were performed through qualitative and quantitative colorimetric tests of the main secondary metabolites. In the colitismodel, 24male Wistar rats aged±60 days oldwere used, divided into 4 groups: Control (CO) control+aqueous extract of C. laurifolia 50mg/kg (CO+A50); Colitis (CL); and Colitis+aqueous extract of C. laurifolia 50 mg/kg (CL+ A50).Measurement of sphincter anal pressure and histological tests of the large intestine, lipoperoxidation (LPO), enzymeactivity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and levels of glutathione (GSH)were performed. For statistical analysis, the oxidative stress (OS) results were expressed as means±standard error, adopting a significance level of p < 0.05. The screening indicated the presence of flavonoids, saponins and tannins in the extract, with high levels of phenolic


Resumo Devido ao uso etnofarmacológico de Campsiandra laurifolia (Fabaceae), popularmente conhecida comoAcapurana, para tratar feridas e úlceras, associado à falta dealternativas de tratamentos para as inflamações intestinais como a retocolite ulcerativa (RCU), o presente trabalho buscou caracterizar sua constituição fitoquímica, sua atividade antioxidante, e avaliar sua ação reparadora na colite experimental com ácido acético. As análises fitoquímicas foram realizadas por meio de ensaios colorimétricos qualitativos e quantitativos dos principaismetabólitos secundários.Nomodelo de colite, foramutilizados 24 ratos machos Wistar de±60 dias de idade, divididos em 4 grupos: Controle (CO), controle+ extrato aquoso de C. laurifolia 50mg/kg (CO+A50); Colite (CL); e Colite+extrato aquoso de C. laurifolia (CL+ A50). Foram realizadas aferições da pressão anal esfincteriana e avaliações histológicas do intestino grosso, lipoperoxidação (LPO), atividade da enzima superóxido dismutase (SOD) e níveis da glutationa (GSH). Para a análise estatística, resultados do estresse oxidativo (EO) foram expressos em médias±erro padrão, adotando um nível de significância de p < 0,05. O screening indicou no extrato a presença de flavonoides, saponinas e taninos com altos teores de compostos fenólicos e taninos, relacionando-os a uma elevada capacidade antioxidante. Na análise histológica, o grupo CL apresentou perda das criptas, do edema e do infiltrado inflamatório. O uso do extrato de C. laurifolia reestruturou as criptas, diminuiu o edema e aumentou a pressão anal esfincteriana, com diminuição da LPO, da SOD, e aumento da GSH. Sugere-se que o uso do extrato de C. laurifolia diminui o EO por seu poder antioxidante, conferido pelos compostos fenólicos presentes no extrato.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Colitis/chemically induced , Antioxidants , Tannins , Oxidative Stress , Phenolic Compounds , Fabaceae
3.
Acta cir. bras ; 33(5): 396-407, May 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-949345

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate whether combining hypothermia and remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) results in protection from ischemia-reperfusion (IR). Methods: Thirty-two Wistar rats underwent right nephrectomy and were randomly assigned to four experimental protocols on the left kidney: warm ischemia (group 1), cold ischemia (group 2), RIPC followed by warm ischemia (group 3), and RIPC followed by cold ischemia (group 4). After 240 minutes of reperfusion, histological changes in the left kidney, as well as lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activity, were analyzed. The right kidney was used as the control. Serum creatinine was collected before and after the procedures. Results: RIPC combined with hypothermia during IR experiments revealed no differences on interventional groups regarding histological changes (p=0.722). Oxidative stress showed no significant variations among the groups. Lower serum creatinine at the end of the procedure was seen in animals exposed to hypothermia (p<0.001). Conclusions: Combination of RIPC and local hypothermia provides no renal protection in IR injury. Hypothermia preserves renal function during ischemic events. Furthermore, RIPC followed by warm IR did not show benefits compared to warm IR alone or controls in our experimental protocol.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Ischemic Preconditioning/methods , Hypothermia, Induced/methods , Kidney/blood supply , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Rats, Wistar , Combined Modality Therapy , Disease Models, Animal , Cold Ischemia , Warm Ischemia , Kidney/pathology
4.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 23(4): 313-317, July-Aug. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-898984

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Introdução: A cirrose gera alterações nas trocas gasosas e a desnutrição proteico-calórica em pacientes hepatopatas. Objetivo: Avaliar e comparar as variáveis cardiopulmonares, a força do aperto de mão (FAM) e a composição corporal entre pacientes cirróticos pelo vírus da hepatite C e indivíduos saudáveis, e correlacionar o consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2MAX) com a FAM. Métodos: Esta pesquisa caracteriza-se como estudo de caso-controle composto por 36 participantes (18 pacientes cirróticos com HCV e 18 indivíduos hígidos) de ambos os sexos, maiores de 18 anos. A força de preensão palmar foi mensurada por dinamometria com dinamômetro mecânico de empunhadura com alça ajustável. As variáveis ventilatórias foram avaliadas por ergoespirometria com teste de carga progressiva em cicloergômetro. A composição corporal foi mensurada por um técnico em cineantropometria nível II. Foram utilizados os testes t independente e Mann-Whitney para comparação entre os grupos e a correlação de Spearman para associação entre as variáveis. Resultados: Foram encontradas diferenças no consumo máximo de oxigênio 16,20 (11,60-18,55), mediana e intervalo interquartil x 19,90 (16,27-26,85), ventilação 45,40 (36,45-54,20) x 63,40 (50,40-78,00), produção de dióxido de carbono 785,88 (655,81-963,14) x 988,04 (826,93-1546,21), frequência cardíaca máxima (127,66 ± 23,26 média e ± DP) x (146,29 ± 23,31), primeiro limiar ventilatório (10,700 ± 3,19) x (14,912 ± 4,45) e segundo limiar ventilatório (14,16 ± 4,48) x (18,25 ± 5,54) entre cirróticos e controles, respectivamente. Encontramos correlação positiva moderada entre o consumo máximo de oxigênio e a força do aperto de mão (r = 0,474, p = 0,047). Conclusão: Existem alterações nas variáveis cardiopulmonares e há associação entre o VO2MAX e a FAM em pacientes cirróticos pelo vírus da hepatite C.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Cirrhosis causes changes in gas exchange and protein-calorie malnutrition in patients with liver disease. Objective: To evaluate and compare cardiopulmonary variables, handgrip strength (HGS) and body composition between cirrhotic patients with hepatitis C virus and healthy individuals, and to correlate maximal oxygen uptake (VO2MAX) with HGS. Methods: This survey is characterized as a case-control study composed of 36 participants (18 cirrhotic patients with HCV and 18 healthy individuals) of both sexes, older than 18 years. The palmar grip strength was measured by dynamometry using a mechanical handle dynamometer with adjustable handle. The ventilatory variables were evaluated by ergospirometry with a progressive load test on a cycloergometer. The body composition was measured by a level II cineanthropometry technician. Independent t test and Mann-Whitney test were used for comparison between groups and Spearman correlation for association between variables. Results: There were differences in maximal oxygen uptake 16.20 (11.60-18.55), median and interquartile range x 19.90 (16.27-26.85), ventilation 45.40 (36.45-54.20) x 63.40 (50.40-78.00), carbon dioxide production 785.88 (655.81-963.14) x 988.04 (826.93-1546.21), maximum heart rate (127.66 ± 23.26, mean and ± SD) x (146.29 ± 23.31), first ventilatory threshold (10.700 ± 3.19) x (14.912 ± 4.45) and second ventilatory threshold (14.16 ± 4.48) x (18.25 ± 5.54) between cirrhotic patients and controls, respectively. We found a moderate positive correlation between maximal oxygen uptake and handgrip strength (r=0.474, p=0.047) Conclusion: There are changes in cardiopulmonary variables and there is an association between VO2MAX and HGS in cirrhotic patients with hepatitis C virus.


RESUMEN Introducción: La cirrosis genera cambios en los intercambios gaseosos y la desnutrición proteico-calórica en pacientes con enfermedad hepática. Objetivo: Evaluar y comparar las variables cardiopulmonares, la fuerza de prensión manual (FPM) y la composición corporal entre pacientes cirróticos por el virus de la hepatitis C y sujetos sanos, y correlacionar el consumo máximo de oxígeno (VO2MAX) con la FPM. Métodos: Esta investigación se caracteriza como estudio caso-control compuesto por 36 participantes (18 pacientes cirróticos con VHC y 18 individuos sanos) de ambos sexos, mayores de 18 años. La fuerza de agarre palmar se midió mediante dinamometría con dinamómetro mecánico con mango ajustable. Las variables ventilatorias se evaluaron mediante ergoespirometría con prueba de carga progresiva en un cicloergómetro. La composición corporal fue medida por un técnico en cineantropometría de nivel II. Se utilizaron las pruebas t independiente y Mann-Whitney para la comparación entre los grupos y la correlación de Spearman para la asociación entre las variables. Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias en el consumo máximo de oxígeno 16,20 (11,60-18,55), mediana y rango intercuartílico x 19,90 (16,27-26,85), ventilación 45,40 (36,45- 54,20) x 63,40 (50,40-78,00), producción de dióxido de carbono 785,88 (655,81-963,14) x 988,04 (826,93-1546,21), frecuencia cardiaca máxima (127,66 ± 23,26, media y ± DE) x (146,29 ± 23,31), primer umbral ventilatorio (10,700 ± 3,19) x (14,912 ± 4,45) y segundo umbral ventilatorio (14,16 ± 4,48) x (18,25 ± 5,54) entre los cirróticos y controles, respectivamente. Encontramos una correlación positiva moderada entre el consumo máximo de oxígeno y la fuerza de prensión manual (r = 0,474, p = 0,047). Conclusión: Existen cambios en las variables cardiopulmonares y hay asociación entre el VO2MAX y FPM en pacientes cirróticos por el virus de la hepatitis C.

5.
Acta cir. bras ; 28(8): 568-573, Aug. 2013. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-680610

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE:To design an animal model of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in kidneys and evaluate the role that predetermined ranges of local hypothermia plays on markers of stress-oxydative as well as on histologic sections. METHODS: Twenty eight male rats Wistar, under general anesthesia, undergone right nephrectomy (G0, control group) followed by left kidney ischemia during 40 min. Four temperatures groups were designed, with seven animals randomized for each group: normothermic (G1, ±37ºC), mild hypothermia (G2, 26ºC), moderate hypothermia (G3, 15ºC) and deep hypothermia (G4, 4ºC). Left kidney temperature was assessed with an intraparenchymal probe. Left nephrectomy was performed after 240 min of reperfusion. After I/R a blood sample was obtained for f2-IP. Half of each kidney was sent to pathological evaluation and half to analyze CAT, SOD, TBARS, NO3, NO2. RESULTS:Histopathology showed that all kidneys under I/R were significantly more injured than the G0 (p<0.001). TBARS had increased levels in all I/R groups compared with the G0 (p<0.001). CAT had a significant difference (p<0.03) between G1 and G4. Finally, no difference was found on SOD, NO3, NO2 nor on f2-IP. CONCLUSION: This model of I/R was efficient to produce oxidative-stress in the kidney, showing that 4ºC offered significant decrease in free radicals production, although tissue protection was not observed.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Hypothermia, Induced , Ischemia/metabolism , Kidney/blood supply , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Reperfusion Injury/metabolism , Biomarkers , Free Radicals/metabolism , Kidney/metabolism , Kidney/pathology , Lipid Peroxidation , Models, Animal , Nephrectomy , Nitric Oxide/metabolism , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Reperfusion Injury/pathology , Time Factors
6.
Acta cir. bras ; 26(3): 194-201, May-June 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-583739

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of the topical liver hypothermia and IPC combination against I/R injury after initial reperfusion. METHODS: In 32 Wistar rats, partial liver ischemia was induced for 90 minutes in normothermia (IN), ischemic preconditioning (IPC), 26ºC topical hypothermia (H) and 26ºC topical hypothermia plus IPC (H+IPC). MAP, body temperature and bile flow were recorded each 15 minutes. Plasmatic injury markers and tissue antioxidant defenses were assessed after 120 minutes of reperfusion. RESULTS: MAP and body temperature remained constant during all experiment. Bile flow returned to levels similar to controls after 45 minutes of reperfusion in the H and H+IPC groups and increased significantly in comparison to the NI and IPC groups after 105 and 120 minutes. AST and ALT increased significantly in the normothermic groups in comparison to controls. TBARS levels decreased significantly in the H+IPC group in comparison to the other groups whereas Catalase levels increased significantly in the IPC group. SOD levels were significantly higher in the H group in comparison to all groups. CONCLUSION: The induction of 26ºC topical hypothermia associated or not to IPC protected the ischemic liver against ischemia/reperfusion injuries and allowed an early recovery of the hepatic function.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos da hipotermia hepática tópica combinada ao pré-condicionamento isquêmico na proteção dos danos iniciais de isquemia e reperfusão. MÉTODOS: Trinta e dois ratos Wistar foram submetidos à isquemia hepática parcial durante 90 minutos em Normotermia (IN), Pré-condicionamento Isquêmico (IPC), Hipotermia a 26ºC (H) e Hipotermia a 26ºC mais PCI (H+PCI). A PAM, a temperatura corporal e o fluxo biliar foram aferidos em intervalos de 15 minutos. Marcadores plasmáticos de danos hepáticos e as defesas antioxidantes foram avaliados após 120 minutos de reperfusão. RESULTADOS: A PAM e a temperatura corporal permaneceram constantes durante o experimento. O fluxo biliar retornou a valores semelhantes ao grupo C nos grupos H e H+PCI após 45 minutos de reperfusão e aumentou significativamente nos grupos H e H+PCI em comparação aos grupos IN e PCI após 105 e 120 minutos. Os níveis plasmáticos da AST e ALT demonstraram aumento significativo no grupo IN em comparação ao grupo C. Os níveis de TBARS diminuíram significativamente no grupo H+PCI em comparação aos grupos IN, PCI e H. Os níveis de Catalase aumentaram significativamente no grupo PCI em comparação aos grupos C, IN e H+PCI. Os níveis de SOD foram significativamente maiores no grupo H em comparação aos grupos C, IN, PCI e H+PCI. CONCLUSÃO: A hipotermia tópica protegeu o fígado isquêmico contra os danos de isquemia e reperfusão e permitiu uma recuperação precoce da função hepática.


Subject(s)
Rats , Hypothermia , Rats/classification , Kidney/anatomy & histology
7.
J. bras. pneumol ; 36(5): 579-587, set.-out. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-564200

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar as alterações estruturais no pulmão de ratos com diabetes mellitus (DM) através da quantificação do estresse oxidativo e do dano ao DNA, assim como determinar os efeitos de superóxido dismutase (SOD) exógena nessas alterações. MÉTODOS: Estudo experimental controlado com 40 ratos Wistar, divididos em quatro grupos (10 animais cada): grupo controle, grupo SOD (sem DM e tratados com SOD), grupo DM (com DM induzido por estreptozotocina), e grupo DM+SOD (com DM induzido por estreptozotocina e tratados com SOD). Os animais foram avaliados por um período de 60 dias, iniciado a partir do dia em que os animais com diabetes induzido por estreptozotocina apresentaram glicemia > 250 mg/dL. Nos últimos 7 dias do período, os animais nos grupos tratados receberam SOD. Ao final do tempo de estudo, amostras de tecido pulmonar foram coletadas para análise histopatológica e avaliação do estresse oxidativo e do dano ao DNA. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferenças significativas entre os grupos em relação ao dano ao DNA. Houve um aumento significativo na matriz extracelular e hiperplasia do endotélio capilar no grupo DM quando comparado com os grupos controle e SOD. Também houve mudanças significativas em pneumócitos tipo II e macrófagos intravasculares, sugerindo um processo inflamatório no grupo DM. Entretanto, uma redução na matriz extracelular, endotélio capilar normal e pneumócitos tipo II normais foram encontrados no grupo com DM+SOD. CONCLUSÕES: A administração exógena de SOD pode reverter alterações nos pulmões de animais com DM induzido.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate structural alterations of the lung in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM), by quantifying oxidative stress and DNA damage, as well as to determine the effects that exogenous superoxide dismutase (SOD) has on such alterations. METHODS: A controlled experimental study involving 40 male Wistar rats, divided into four groups (10 animals each): control; SOD-only (without DM but treated with SOD); IDM-only (with streptozotocininduced DM but untreated); and IDM+SOD (with streptozotocin-induced DM, treated with SOD). The animals were evaluated over a 60-day period, day 0 being defined as the day on which the streptozotocin-injected animals presented glycemia > 250 mg/dL. The SOD was administered for the last 7 days of that period. At the end of the study period, samples of lung tissue were collected for histopathological analysis, evaluation of tissue oxidative stress, and assessment of DNA damage. RESULTS: There were no significant differences among the groups regarding DNA damage. In the IDM-only group, there was a significant increase in the extracellular matrix and significantly greater hyperplasia of the capillary endothelium than in the SOD-only and control groups. In addition, there were significant changes in type II pneumocytes and macrophages, suggesting an inflammatory process, in the IDM-only group. However, in the IDM+SOD group, there was a reduction in the extracellular matrix, as well as normalization of the capillary endothelium and of the type II pneumocytes. CONCLUSIONS: Exogenous SOD can reverse changes in the lungs of animals with induced DM.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy , Free Radical Scavengers/therapeutic use , Lung/drug effects , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Superoxide Dismutase/pharmacology , DNA Damage/drug effects , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology , Lipid Peroxidation , Lung/pathology , Rats, Wistar , Streptozocin , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
8.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 37(4): 288-294, jul.-ago. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-564252

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos do uso de cloreto de gadolínio como pré-tratamento e tratamento em um modelo experimental de pancreatite em ratos induzida por tauracolato de sódio a 3 por cento. MÉTODOS: Ratos Wistar foram divididos em cinco grupos: grupo SF - controle com solução fisiológica intra-ductal e IV; grupo TS - controle com PA induzida por tauracolato de sódio a 3 por cento e solução fisiológica a 0,9 por cento IV; grupo GD - controle com SF intra-ductal e cloreto de gadolínio IV; grupo GDTS - pré-tratamento com GD (24h antes da indução da PA) e grupo TSGD - tratamento com GD (1h após a indução da PA). Foi realizado dosagem sérica de amilase, transaminases e TNF-á; determinação da atividade da MPO no tecido pulmonar; histologia pancreática e pulmonar. RESULTADOS: O número de animais mortos antes do término previsto do experimento foi significativamente maior no grupo TSGD (p=0,046). Os escores de pancreatite e de dano pulmonar foram mais elevados nos grupos que utilizaram tauracolato em comparação aos grupos com infusão intra-ductal de solução salina. Não houve diferenças nas demais variáveis estudadas na comparação entre os grupos TS; GDTS e TSGD. CONCLUSÃO: Não foram demonstrados benefícios com o uso de cloreto de gadolínio de forma profilática e terapêutica.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of the use of gadolinium chloride before and after induction of acute pancreatitis with sodium taurocholate 3 percent in rats. METHODS: Wistar rats were divided into five groups: SF - control with saline intra-ductal and IV; GD control with saline intra-ductal and gadolinium chloride IV; TS - with AP control induced by sodium taurocholate 3 percent and saline IV; GDTS - pre-treatment with GD (24 hours before the induction of AP) and TSGD - treatment with GD (1 hour after the induction of AP). Analysis was made in serum amylase, transaminases and TNF-á; determination of the MPO activity in lung tissue, lung and pancreatic histology. RESULTS: The number of dead animals before the end of the experiment was significantly higher in TSGD (P = 0.046). The scores of pancreatitis and lung damage were higher in the groups that used sodium taurocholate compared to groups with intra-ductal infusion of saline solution. There were no differences in other variables studied when comparing TS, GDTS and TSGD groups. CONCLUSION: The benefits with the use of gadolinium chloride as a prophylactic and therapeutic drug were not demonstrated.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Gadolinium/therapeutic use , Pancreatitis/drug therapy , Contrast Media , Pancreatitis/chemically induced , Rats, Wistar , Taurocholic Acid
9.
J. bras. pneumol ; 36(4): 485-489, jul.-ago. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-557140

ABSTRACT

Avaliamos o efeito da aminoguanidina sobre o estresse oxidativo pulmonar e a estrutura pulmonar em um modelo experimental de diabetes mellitus. Foram determinados thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS, substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico), histologia e gasometria arterial em animais com diabetes mellitus (DM), animais com diabetes mellitus tratados com aminoguanidina (DM+AG) e controles. O nível de TBARS foi significativamente maior no grupo DM que nos grupos controle e DM+AG (2,90 ± 1,12 vs. 1,62 ± 0,28 e 1,68 ± 0,04 nmol/mg proteína, respectivamente), o mesmo ocorrendo com PaCO2 em relação ao grupo controle (49,2 ± 1,65 vs. 38,12 ± 4,85 mmHg), e PaO2 foi significativamente maior no grupo controle (104,5 ± 6,3 vs. 69,48 ±16,30 e 97,05 ± 14,02 mmHg, respectivamente). Neste modelo experimental de diabetes mellitus, a aminoguanidina reduziu o estresse oxidativo, alterações estruturais teciduais pulmonares e a troca gasosa no modelo experimental.


We evaluated the effect of aminoguanidine on pulmonary oxidative stress and lung structure in an experimental model of diabetes mellitus. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), histology and arterial blood gases were evaluated in animals with diabetes mellitus (DM group), animals with diabetes mellitus treated with aminoguanidine (DM+AG group), and controls. The TBARS levels were significantly higher in the DM group than in the control and DM+AG groups (2.90 ± 1.12 vs. 1.62 ± 0.28 and 1.68 ± 0.04 nmol/mg protein, respectively), as was PaCO2 when compared with that of the control group (49.2 ± 1.65 vs. 38.12 ± 4.85 mmHg), and PaO2 was significantly higher in the control group (104.5 ± 6.3 vs. 16.30 ± 69.48 and 97.05±14.02 mmHg, respectively). In this experimental model of diabetes mellitus, aminoguanidine reduced oxidative stress, structural tissue alterations, and gas exchange.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology , Guanidines/pharmacology , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Analysis of Variance , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/metabolism
10.
J. bras. pneumol ; 35(8): 788-791, ago. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-524980

ABSTRACT

O diabetes mellitus é uma desordem endócrino-metabólica caracterizada pela hiperglicemia. O seu impacto no sistema respiratório é caracterizado por alterações funcionais e na troca gasosa. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o aumento do estresse oxidativo e os possíveis danos na estrutura pulmonar no modelo de diabetes experimental induzido por estreptozotocina. Foram realizadas análises histológicas, bioquímicas e gasométricas no pulmão de ratos diabéticos. Concluiu-se que o estresse oxidativo está presente no diabetes mellitus experimental e que ocorrem alterações estruturais no tecido pulmonar, bem como alterações na troca gasosa.


Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine/metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. Its impact on the respiratory system is characterized by functional changes and alterations in gas exchange. The objective of this study was to evaluate the increase in oxidative stress and the potential damages to the lung structure in an experimental model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes. We conducted histological, biochemical and blood gas analyses in the lungs of diabetic rats. We concluded that the effects of experimental diabetes mellitus include oxidative stress, structural changes in the lung tissue and altered gas exchange.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental , Lung , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Disease Models, Animal , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology , Lung/pathology , Lung/physiopathology , Pulmonary Gas Exchange/physiology , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Streptozocin
11.
J. bras. pneumol ; 34(8): 583-589, ago. 2008. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-491949

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito do pré-condicionamento isquêmico (PCI) em modelo de isquemia e reperfusão (I/R) pulmonar normotérmica em ratos, quantificando a produção de espécies reativas do oxigênio. MÉTODOS: Quarenta e sete ratos Wistar foram randomizados em quatro grupos: controle, sham, I/R e PCI. Após anestesia, animais do grupo controle foram sacrificados por decapitação, pneumonectomizados, e os pulmões esquerdos armazenados em nitrogênio líquido. Animais dos grupos sham, I/R e PCI foram anestesiados, traqueostomizados, ventilados, anticoagulados e submetidos a uma toracotomia esquerda com dissecção da artéria pulmonar esquerda para clampeamento. No grupo sham procedeu-se a dissecção da artéria pulmonar esquerda; no grupo I/R, clampeamento hilar total de 30 min e no grupo PCI, clampeamento da artéria pulmonar esquerda por 5 min seguido por reperfusão de 10 min e um clampeamento hilar total de 30 min. Pulmões foram reperfundidos por 90 min e ventilados com os mesmos parâmetros, acrescidos de pressão expiratória final positiva de 1 cmH2O. Foram obtidas medidas hemodinâmicas e gasométricas antes da toracotomia, antes do clampeamento hilar total, aos 30 e 90 min de reperfusão. A peroxidação lipídica foi estabelecida por meio da determinação das substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico. RESULTADOS: A determinação das substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico analisada nos grupos controle, sham, I/R, PCI não revelou diferenças significativas, o mesmo ocorrendo com a pressão parcial arterial de oxigênio, pressão parcial arterial de gás carbônico e medidas hemodinâmicas entre os grupos sham, I/R e PCI. CONCLUSÕES: O PCI de 5 min da artéria pulmonar esquerda em modelo de I/R in situ em ratos não atenua a lesão de I/R.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of lung ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on normothermic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in a rat model, quantifying the production of reactive oxygen species. METHODS: Forty-seven male Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: control, sham, I/R and IPC. Control group animals were anesthetized and killed by decapitation, after which pneumonectomy was performed and the left lungs were stored in liquid nitrogen. Sham, IPC and I/R group rats were anesthetized, tracheostomized, ventilated, anticoagulated and submitted to left thoracotomy with dissection of the left pulmonary artery for clamping. Sham group rats underwent dissection of the left pulmonary artery, I/R group rats underwent 30 min of total hilar clamping, and IPC group rats underwent 5-min clamping of the left pulmonary artery followed by 30 min of total hilar clamping. Lungs were reperfused for 90 min and ventilated with the same parameters, with additional positive end-expiratory pressure of 1 cmH2O. Hemodynamic and blood gas values were obtained prior to thoracotomy, prior to total hilar clamping, after 30 min of reperfusion and after 90 min of reperfusion. Lipid peroxidation was determined by measuring levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. RESULTS: There were no significant differences among the groups in terms of the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Nor were there any significant differences among the sham, I/R and IPC groups in terms of arterial oxygen tension, arterial carbon dioxide tension or hemodynamic values. CONCLUSIONS: In an in situ I/R rat model, 5-min IPC of the left pulmonary artery does not attenuate I/R injury.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Arterial Occlusive Diseases/physiopathology , Ischemic Preconditioning/methods , Lung/blood supply , Pulmonary Artery/physiopathology , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Control Groups , Disease Models, Animal , Lipid Peroxidation/physiology , Lung/chemistry , Organ Preservation/methods , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/metabolism
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